All 301 names in Tylophora and the small genera in Asclepiadeae-Tylophorinae now considered synonymous with Vincetoxicum, namely Amblyoglossum, Belostemma, Biondia, Blyttia, Diplostigma, Goydera, Hoyopsis, Hybanthera, Iphisia, Ischnostemma, Merrillanthus, Microstephanus, Nanostelma, Neohenrya, Oncostemma, Pentabothra, Pentastelma, Pleurostelma, Podostelma, Pycnostelma, Rhyncharrhena, Sphaerocodon, Spirella, Tylophoropsis and Vincetoxicopsis, are listed. A total of 107 new combinations are made (104 in Vincetoxicum, one in Dregea, one in Marsdenia, and one in Lygisma), 25
nomina nova have been coined, 141 typifications are undertaken and 10 new synonyms are proposed.