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TZUNTIL:20070325T010000Z
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DTSTART:20041031T030000
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RDATE:20051030T030000
RDATE:20061029T030000
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DTSTAMP:20260821T043614Z
DESCRIPTION:This report consists of 2 parts. The first one gives a descript
 ion of a model for the air-sea/lake interaction. The second part presents 
 an application of the model for the lake heat balance analysis and its hyd
 robiological condition.\nIt is shown that typical air-sea interaction mode
 ls can be transferred to shallow water conditions and lakes including a de
 pth dependent function. It is assumed that exchange conditions increase as
  depth decreases. From our results follow that the model without the shall
 ow water correction underestimates the latent and sensible heat fluxes of 
 a lake by about 20 % accordingly. This was shown through the comparison of
  the model with eddy covariance data for a shallow lake during the LITFASS
 -98 and LITFASS-2003 experiments in Germany. In should be also regarded th
 at in a coastal zone the air flux is transformed and it brings to the addi
 tional calculation difficulties for the intensity of the energy-mass excha
 nge there. There are numerous experimental and theoretical research for th
 is zone\, including the thorough study at the internal boundary layer (IBL
 ) structure. Though\, as before\, the quantitative magnitudes estimations 
 of turbulent fluxes at this point differ a lot (up to 100%) by various aut
 hors. Based on the own experimental data of the basin depth influence on t
 he sea/atmosphere interaction intensity there has been developed a balance
  model for calculation of the energy/mass exchange intensity in a coastal 
 zone. A balance model in combination with the empirical dependence for cal
 culation of the energy/mass exchange intensity in a coastal zone allows to
  calculate the momentum\, heat and humidity fluxes values at different dis
 tances from a shore. \nResearch of the lake heat balance revealed its temp
 erature distribution in the near-surface water layer particularities corre
 sponding with cold\, warm and isothermal type. The temperature distributio
 n types were parameterized\, what created the basis for the development of
  the method of the near-surface water layer temperature difference calcula
 tion\, based on standard hydrometeorological information data. Eventually 
 it was indicated that the intensity of the gas exchange through the surfac
 e may vary by few times\, which could influence the hydrobiological regime
  of the water body. For testing of this hypothesis measurements studying o
 f biological and chemical processes of the surface water layer considering
  hydrologic factors were accomplished in lakes of Russia. Measurement resu
 lts showed that during day time in spring and in summer there is formed a 
 positive gradient of temperature in the upper water layer. Oxygen saturati
 on is lower than inside of water. Amount of bacterial cells in a surface w
 ater layer and concentration of organic substance is higher than in lower 
 layers. Thus\, the field experiment data confirmed the earlier supposed hy
 pothesis. As a result of that there was suggested a model describing the i
 nfluence of the near-surface water layer on the evolution of the water lif
 e in spring and formation of the fish killing effect in summer and autumn.
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20050609T161500
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20050609T235959
LOCATION:H6
SUMMARY:Prof. Dr. Gennady N. Panin\, Institute of Water Problems\, Moscow\,
  Russia: Air-Sea/Lake Interaction of a Shallow lake and Coastal Zone with 
 application
TRANSP:TRANSPARENT
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