BITÖK
Bayreuther Institut für Terrestrische Ökosystemforschung
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Müller, V; Inkamp, F; Rauwolf, A; Küsel, K; Drake, HL: Molecular and cellular biology of acetogenic bacteria in Nakano, M., Zuber, P. (eds): Strict and Facultative Anaerobes: Medical and Environmental Aspects, Horizon Scientific Press, United Kingdom, 251-281 (2004)
Abstract:
Acetogenic bacteria are acetate-producing anaerobes that utilize CO2 as a terminal electron acceptor. The reductive pathway by which acetogens reduce CO2 is termed the acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) “Wood-Ljungdahl” pathway and yields acetate as a catabolic end product. In addition to being a terminal electron-accepting process, the acetyl-CoA pathway also provides the cell with a mechanism for the fixation of CO2 under autotrophic conditions. Pathways that are biochemically very similar to the acetyl-CoA pathway are utilized by other prokaryotes for the autotrophic fixation of CO2 and the oxidation of acetate. Thus, the acetyl-CoA pathway and processes that are biochemically very similar to it serve a variety of functions in nature. The main objectives of this chapter are to examine the (a) diverse metabolic features of acetogens that allow them to colonize diverse habitats, (b) regulatory and molecular aspects of specialized processes by which acetogens reduce CO2, synthesize acetate, and conserve energy, and (c) in situ consequences of the physiological capabilities of acetogens.
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