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| Zimmermann, R; Schulze, ED; Wirth, C; Schulze, EE; McDonald, KC; Vygodskaya, NN; Ziegler, W: Canopy transpiration in a chronosequence of Central Siberian pine forests, Global Change Biology, 6, 25-37 (2000) | |
Abstract:
Tree transpiration was measured in 28, 67, 204 and 383-y-old uniform stands and in a multicohort stand (140-430 y) of Pinus sylvestris ssp. sibirica Lebed. in Central Siberia during August 1995. In addition transpiration of three codominant trees was monitored for two years in a 130-y-old stand. All stands established after fire. Leaf area index (LAI) ranged between 0.6 (28-y-old stand) and 1.6 for stands older than 67-y. Stand xylem area at 1.3 m height increased form 4 cm2 m-2 (28-y) to 11.5 cm2 m-2 (67-y) and decreased again to 7 cm2 m-2 in old stands. Above-ground living biomass increased from 1.5 kg dry weight m-2 (28-y) to 14 kg dry weight m-2 (383-y). Day-to-day variation of tree transpiration in summer was dependent on net radiation, vapour pressure deficit, and soil water stress. Tree-to-tree variation of xylem flux was small and increased with heterogeneity in canopy structure. Maximum rates of xylem flux density followed the course of net radiation from mid April when a constant level of maximum rates was reached until mid September when low temperatures and light strongly reduced flux density. Maximum sap flux density (60gm-2 s-1) and canopy transpiration (1.5 mm d-1) were reached in the 67-y stand. Average canopy transpiration of all age classes was 0.72±0.3mm d-1. Canopy transpiration (E) was not correlated with LAI but related to stand sapwood area SA (E=-0.02+1.15SA R2) which was determined by stand density and tree sapwood area. |
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