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| Matthies, C; Kuhner, CH; Acker, G; Drake, HL: <i>Clostridium uliginosum</i> sp. nov., a novel acid-tolerant, anaerobic bacterium with connecting filaments, International Journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology, 51, 1119-1125 (2001) | |
Abstract:
An anaerobic, acid-tolerant bacterium, CK55T, was isolated from an acidic forest bog. Cells of CK55T stained Gram-negative but did not have an outer membrane. Cells were spore-forming, motile rods with peritrichous flagella, formed chains or aggregates, and were linked by connecting filaments that were composed of a core and outer sheath. Cellobiose, glucose, xylose, mannose, mannitol, sucrose, and peptone supported growth. Arabinose, lactose, raffinose, H2/CO2, CO/CO2, vanillate, casamino acids, and various purines and pyrimidines did not support growth. Growth on carbohydrates yielded acetate, butyrate, lactate, formate, and H2 as end products. Growth was observed at (i) pH 4.0-9.0 with an optimum at pH 6.5 and (ii) 10-30 °C with an optimum at 20-25 °C. At 20 °C, doubling times were 4 and 6 hours at pH 6.5 and 4.0, respectively. Hydrogenase activity in cell-free extracts was 12 U per mg protein. CK55T did not (i) contain detectable levels of CO, formate, and lactate dehydrogenases or cytochromes, (ii) dissimilate nitrate or sulfate, and (iii) produce methane. Thus, CK55T was characterized as a nonacetogenic, fermentative chemoorganotroph. The G + C content of CK55T was 28.0 mol%. CK55T was phylogenetically most closely related to Clostridium botulinum (types B, E, and F), Clostridium acetobutylicum, and other saccharolytic clostridia; the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values to the nearest relatives of CK55T approximated 97%. Based on the morphological, physiological, and phylogenetic properties of CK55T, it is proposed that CK55T be termed Clostridium uliginosum (DSM 12992T, ATCC BAA-53T) (T = type strain). |
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