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DTSTART:20131027T030000
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DTSTAMP:20260804T163059Z
DESCRIPTION:Historical freezing data of the river Rhine shows that the most
  severe winters in central Europe during the last 200 years have occurred 
 closely associated to 11-year paced sunspot minima. This is unexpected bec
 ause the total solar irradiation is a constant\, but variations up to +-30
 0 percent have been observed in the ultraviolet spectrum of solar radiatio
 n\, which cause changes in stratosphere temperatures and apparently change
   pressure fields over the North Atlantic\; visible in the North Atlantic 
 Oscillation Index (NAO)\, which has been in its negative mode during all e
 xtremely cold European winters. Accordingly\, the cause of the last very c
 old winters can be explained. We will evaluate during the talk to what ext
 ent flash floods also follow the same relation.\nThe central Europan river
 s apparently freeze during such winters. Today this is not of great import
 ance\, but frozen rivers must be regarded as highways of migration in time
 s without modern infrastructure. The migration period\, celtic migrations 
 and even the neolithisation in Europe have all occurred during times of lo
 w solar intensity\; and accordingly cold winters have a potential for evol
 ution.  Flash floods in contrast are a hazard to modern\, historic and pre
 historic civilization and we will use annually laminated Holocene sediment
  records to reconstruct their frequency and magnitude during the past and 
 discuss to what extent they also show a relation to the NAO paleo-weather 
 structure.\nUnderstanding such complex mechanisms of SUN-EARTH Interaction
  has become important during the past years because the global warming tre
 nd of the 1980-2000 has slowed significantly down during a time when the s
 unspot numbers significantly decreased during the last 10 years\, weather 
 extremes however have increased during this time. This has led to the sugg
 esting of a pending new “Little Ice Age”\, like the Dalton or even the Mau
 nder Minimum from 1800-1820 and 1645-1715 AD.  Persistent winter coldness 
 has important effects on various ecosystems\; even the plague\, the most d
 evastating disease of the last centuries followed a pronounced  11-year cy
 cle. Is there a relation to the (paleo)weather also in the human dimension
 ?
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20131219T000000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20131219T235959
SUMMARY:Prof. Dr. Frank Sirocko\, Climate and Sediment\, University of Main
 z (Homepage): Paleoweather: About records of severe winters and flash floo
 ds
TRANSP:TRANSPARENT
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