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| Manderscheid, B; Matzner, E; Meiwes, KJ; Xu, Y: Long-Term Development of Element Budgets in a Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) Forest of the German Solling Area, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 79, 3-18 (1995) | |
Abstract:
To evaluate ecosystem response to changing atmospheric deposition, element budgets
were established over the period from 1973 to 1991 for a Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)
site. Budgets for Na +, CI-, Ca 2+, Mg 2+, N, S and H + were based on total deposition and seepage
water fluxes. The deposition of Ca 2+, Mg 2+, particularly, of S and H + decreased with time, while
calculated N deposition remained constant at a high level. The decrease in Ca 2+ deposition led to
2+ a reduction of Ca 2+ fluxes with seepage water. The decrease of Mg depos1't1' on did not have an
effect on the output fluxes of Mg 2+. The reversibility of soil and seepage water acidification by
reduced S deposition was delayed by the release of previously accumulated soil SO]-. The highest
NOr fluxes were observed during the period of 1986 to 1988; NO~- fluxes in general demonstrated
a considerable annual and periodic variation. Total N accumulation in the ecosystem amounted to
nearly 590 kg ha-1 yr- 1 during the observation period. The major sink of N in the spruce site is the
aggrading humus layer. The results emphasize the need for measurements over several years to make
conclusions regarding the function of ecosystems in response to atmospheric deposition. |
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