Steinbauer, M; Field, R; Grytnes, JA; Trigas, P; Ah-Peng, C; Attorre, F; Birks, HJB; Borges, PAV; Cardoso, P; Chou, C-H; De Sanctis, M; Sequera, MM; Duarte, MC; Elias, RB; Fernandez-Palacios, JM; Gabriel, R; Gereau, RE; Gillespie, RG; Greimler, J; Harter, D; Huang, T-J; Irl, S; Jeanmonod, D; Jentsch, A; Jump, AS; Kueffer, C; Nogué, S; Otto, R; Price, J; Romeiras, MM; Strasberg, D; Stuessy, T; Svenning, JC; Vetaas, OR; Beierkuhnlein, C: Topography-driven isolation, speciation and a global increase of endemism with elevation, Global Ecology and Biogeography, 25(9), 1097–1107 (2016), doi:10.1111/geb.12469
Abstract:

Aim: Higher-elevation areas on islands and continental mountains tend to be separated by longer distances, predicting higher endemism at higher elevations; our study is the first to test the generality of the predicted pattern. We also compare it empirically with contrasting expectations from hypotheses invoking higher speciation with area, temperature and species richness.

Location: 32 insular and 18 continental elevational gradients from around the world.

Methods: We compiled entire floras with elevation-specific occurrence information, and calculated the proportion of native species that are endemic (‘percent endemism’) in 100 m bands, for each of the 50 elevational gradients. Using generalized linear models, we tested the relationships between percent endemism and elevation, isolation, temperature, area and species richness.

Results: Percent endemism consistently increased monotonically with elevation, globally. This was independent of richness–elevation relationships, which had varying shapes but decreased with elevation at high elevations. The endemism-elevation relationships were consistent with isolation-related predictions, but inconsistent with hypotheses related to area, richness and temperature.

Main conclusions: Higher per-species speciation rates caused by increasing isolation with elevation are the most plausible and parsimonious explanation for the globally consistent pattern of higher endemism at higher elevations that we identify. We suggest that topography-driven isolation increases speciation rates in mountainous areas, across all elevations, and increasingly towards the equator. If so, it represents a mechanism that may contribute to generating latitudinal diversity gradients in a way that is consistent with both present-day and palaeontological evidence.

Aktuelle Termine


BayCEER-Kolloquium:
Do. 18.04.2024
The Canvas of Change: Creative Marketing for Behaviour Change, Sustainability and Social Good
Do. 18.04.2024
Survival, 'dormancy', and resuscitation of microorganisms in water-limited environments: insights from coastal salt flats and desert soil crusts
BayCEER Short Courses:
Di. 16.04.2024
Geographical information system and R environment for conservation biology
Ökologisch-Botanischer Garten:
So. 07.04.2024
Führung | Talking Tree: Was Bäume über´s Klima erzählen
Fr. 19.04.2024
Führung | Gesteine im Ökologisch-Botanischen Garten
Wetter Versuchsflächen
Luftdruck (356m): 946.7 hPa
Lufttemperatur: 9.3 °C
Niederschlag: 4.7 mm/24h
Sonnenschein: 2 h/d

...mehr
Globalstrahlung: 200 W/m²
Lufttemperatur: 7.4 °C
Niederschlag: 2.6 mm/24h
Wind (Höhe 32m): 17.0 km/h

...mehr
Diese Webseite verwendet Cookies. weitere Informationen